Questions on the Anatomy and Physiology
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?
protection of internal organs
mineral storage
communication
blood cell formation
Bone resorption requires the activity of:
osteoblasts.
osteocytes.
osteoclasts.
chondrocytes
The only example of gomphoses in the body are the articulations between the teeth and the maxilla or mandible.
True
False
Creatine phosphate provides 30-40 seconds of energy for muscle activity.
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True
False
Which type of synovial joint is the simplest and least mobile?
ball-and-socket joint
plane joint
saddle joint
hinge joint
Both synovial fluid and articular cartilage function in shock absorption and the lubrication of a synovial joint.
True
False
Diploë refers to spongy bone in flat bones.
True
False
A muscle cell experiencing resting membrane potential is:
propagating an action potential.
polarized.
experiencing depolarization.
more negatively charged on its exterior than in its interior.
Which muscles elevate the scapula?
pectoralis major and pectoralis minor
pectoralis minor and serratus anterior
trapezius and levator scapulae
rhomboid major and rhomboid minor
When climbing stairs, which muscles plantar flex your foot?
gluteus maximus and hamstrings
tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus
gastrocnemius and soleus
rectus femoris and sartorius
Which of the following is NOT a cranial bone?
zygomatic bone
frontal bone
parietal bone
occipital bone
The synapse of a motor neuron with a muscle fiber is known as the:
motor end plate.
neuromuscular junction.
synaptic bulb.
synaptic cleft.
Greater muscle tension results when muscle fibers are repeatedly stimulated.
True
False
Appositional growth produces:
endochondral ossification.
intramembranous ossification.
growth in width.
growth in length.
From superficial to deep, the three muscles of the lateral abdominal wall are:
transversus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique.
external oblique, internal oblique, rectus abdominis.
rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique.
external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis.
Cardiac muscles perform peristalsis to pump blood through the heart.
True
False
What do skeletal muscle tissue and cardiac muscle tissue share in common?
Both skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues possess intercalated discs.
Both skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues are voluntary.
Both skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues are striated.
Both skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues perform peristalsis.
Place the classes of vertebrae in order as they are situated in the vertebral column from superior to inferior. 1. cervical vertebrae 2. coccygeal vertebrae 3. lumbar vertebrae 4. sacral vertebrae 5. thoracic vertebrae
1, 5, 3, 2, 4
1, 3, 5, 4, 2
1, 3, 5, 2, 4
1, 5, 3, 4, 2
The process of ossification begins at a primary ossification center in both intramembranous and endochondral ossification.
True
False
Which of the following is a functional joint classification?
synovial
fibrous
cartilaginous
diarthrosis
What type of joint allows motion around only one axis?
uniaxial
multiaxial (triaxial)
nonaxial
biaxial
The function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is to store and release calcium ions.
True
False
Larry’s muscles weakened while he played tennis for hours on a hot summer afternoon. This inability to maintain intensity is defined as:
atrophy.
hypotonia.
muscle fatigue.
hypertonia.
Which of the following does NOT belong to the axial skeleton?
vertebral column
pectoral girdle
skull
thoracic cage
What best describes cartilaginous joints?
joint cavity
presence of synovial fluid in the joint cavity
free range of motion
little, if any, motion
Where does the mentalis muscle insert?
hyoid bone
angle of the mouth
skin of the chin
skin around the eyelids
Which of the following muscles does NOT adduct the thigh?
adductor magnus
gracilis
rectus femoris
pectineus
From proximal to distal, what bones form the upper limb? 1. carpals 2. humerus 3. metacarpals 4. phalanges 5. ulna and radius
5, 2, 1, 3, 4
2, 5, 1, 4, 3
2, 5, 1, 3, 4
2, 5, 4, 3, 1
Muscles with a triangular shape, such as the pectoralis major muscle in the chest, typically have a:
spiral fascicle arrangement.
unipennate fascicle arrangement.
convergent fascicle arrangement.
parallel fascicle arrangement
The type of contraction in which length of the muscle fibers do not change is called:
isometric.
isotonic eccentric.
tetany.
isotonic concentric.
In an adult, each coxal bone is made of three fused bones: ilium, ischium, and pubis bones.
True
False
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